Learn the key pattern to talk about basic weather conditions
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| Let's take a closer look at the conversation. |
| Do you remember how Penelope asks, |
| "How's the weather?" |
| Πώς είναι ο καιρός; (Pós íne o kerós?) |
| Let's start with the word καιρός (kerós), "weather." Καιρός. Καιρός." |
| In Greek, all nouns have grammatical gender. They are also either singular or plural and have a case that depends on the role they're playing in the sentence. |
| Καιρός is masculine and singular. |
| Here, καιρός (kerós) appears in its dictionary form, also known as the nominative form. |
| Because of this, some other words in the sentence will also be masculine, singular, and in the nominative. |
| Before this is ο (o), "the." Ο. Ο. |
| Ο is also masculine singular, and in the nominative case to agree with καιρός (kerós). |
| Moving to the start of the sentence, πώς (pós), "how." Πώς. Πώς. |
| Next is είναι (íne), "is." Είναι. Είναι. |
| Είναι is from the verb είμαι (íme), the dictionary form of the verb "to be." Είμαι. |
| All together it’s Πώς είναι ο καιρός; (Pós íne o kerós?) "How's the weather?" |
| Πώς είναι ο καιρός; (Pós íne o kerós?) |
| Let's take a closer look at the response. |
| Do you remember how Karen says, |
| "It's hot." |
| Κάνει ζέστη. (Káni zésti.) |
| Let's start with ζέστη (zésti), "heat." Ζέστη. Ζέστη. |
| Before this is κάνει (káni), which is from the verb κάνω (káno), meaning "to do." Κάνω. |
| Here, κάνει (káni) doesn't have this meaning. Instead, it's expressing an ongoing weather condition — in this case, ζέστη (zésti), "heat." |
| All together, Κάνει ζέστη. (Káni zésti.) "It's hot." |
| Κάνει ζέστη. (Káni zésti.) |
| The pattern is |
| Κάνει (Káni) WEATHER CONDITION. |
| "It's WEATHER CONDITION." |
| Κάνει (Káni) WEATHER CONDITION. |
| To use this pattern, simply replace the WEATHER CONDITION placeholder with the current weather condition. |
| Note: This pattern requires a noun. |
| Imagine it’s cold. Κρύο (krío). "Cold." Κρύο. Κρύο. |
| Say, |
| "It's cold." |
| Ready? |
| Κάνει κρύο. (Káni krío.) |
| "It's cold." |
| Κάνει κρύο. (Káni krío.) |
| Not all weather conditions can be described with this pattern, so you'll need other patterns, such as: |
| Είναι (Íne) WEATHER CONDITION. |
| "It’s WEATHER CONDITION." |
| Είναι WEATHER CONDITION. |
| To use this pattern, simply replace the WEATHER CONDITION placeholder with a suitable weather condition. |
| Note: This pattern requires an adjective. |
| For example, Είναι καλός. (Íne kalós.) "It’s nice." Είναι καλός. |
| In this lesson, you'll learn adjectives related to the weather that you can use with this pattern, such as καλός (kalós), "nice," and κακός (kakós), "bad." |
| When talking about the weather, it’s common to use impersonal verbs in Greek. |
| Impersonal verbs are verbs without a fully stated subject and which are conjugated in the third person singular. |
| For example, "It’s snowing," literally "[It] snows," in Greek is χιονίζει (hionízi). |
| Χιονίζει. |
| Χιονίζει. |
| Pay attention. You’ll see another example of this pattern shortly. |
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