Learn about the conjugation groups and review the verb forms that you've seen so far
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Brandon: Hello everyone and welcome back to GreekPod101.com. This is Intermediate, Season 1, lesson 4, Are You Gaining Weight or are Your Greek Trousers Just Small? I’m Brandon. |
| Stefania: And I’m Stefania. |
| Brandon: In this lesson, we'll focus on another verb category, the conjugation groups, and we'll review the verb forms that we've seen so far. |
| Stefania: This conversation takes place at the music school where our characters have choir rehearsals. It's between Erato, Natalia, and Sakis. |
| Brandon: The characters are good friends, so they'll be using informal Greek. Let’s listen to the conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
|---|
| Σάκης Καλώς τες κι ας άργησαν! Τι έγινε πάλι βρε κορίτσια; |
| Ναταλία Τρέχαμε για τα κουστούμια. Είχε και μια κίνηση στο πήγαινε... |
| Ερατώ Τέλος πάντων... δοκιμάστε τα τώρα και αφήστε τις κουβέντες! |
| (μετά από λίγο) |
| Σάκης Πώς σας φαίνομαι; |
| Ερατώ Αα! Λατρεύω το κουστούμι σου! Μια χαρά σου πάει κιόλας. Και τα μπατζάκια στο ύψος καλά βγήκαν. |
| Ναταλία Καλά, κοιτάξτε εδώ... δεν κλείνει το φερμουάρ. Στενό μου το έραψε το παντελόνι η μοδίστρα. |
| Ερατώ Μήπως απλά πήρες βάρος; Αν θυμάμαι καλά, τώρα τελευταία το είχες ρίξει στα γλυκά. Έχει περάσει και αρκετός καιρός από τότε που σου πήραν τα μέτρα. |
| Ναταλία Και τι θα κάνω τώρα; |
| Σάκης Ηρέμησε. Η μπλούζα που θα φοράς θα καλύπτει τη μέση σου και δεν θα φαίνεται το φερμουάρ, ακόμα και αν το αφήσεις ανοιχτό. |
| Ναταλία Όλα σε εμένα συμβαίνουν πάντα! |
| Brandon: Now let’s hear it with the English translation. |
| Brandon: Welcome, although you’re late! What happened again girls? |
| Σάκης Καλώς τες κι ας άργησαν! Τι έγινε πάλι βρε κορίτσια; |
| Brandon: We were running around for the costumes. There was also traffic on the way there... |
| Ναταλία Τρέχαμε για τα κουστούμια. Είχε και μια κίνηση στο πήγαινε... |
| Brandon: Anyway...now try them on and stop the chatter! |
| Ερατώ Τέλος πάντων... δοκιμάστε τα τώρα και αφήστε τις κουβέντες! |
| Brandon: (After a while) |
| (μετά από λίγο) |
| Brandon: How do I look? |
| Σάκης Πώς σας φαίνομαι; |
| Brandon: Oh! I love your costume! It also fits great. And the trouser hems’ height is good. |
| Ερατώ Αα! Λατρεύω το κουστούμι σου! Μια χαρά σου πάει κιόλας. Και τα μπατζάκια στο ύψος καλά βγήκαν. |
| Brandon: Well, look at this...the zipper doesn't close. The dressmaker made my pants too tight. |
| Ναταλία Καλά, κοιτάξτε εδώ... δεν κλείνει το φερμουάρ. Στενό μου το έραψε το παντελόνι η μοδίστρα. |
| Brandon: Did you perhaps gain some weight? If I remember correctly, lately you've been eating lots of sweets. It's also been quite a while since they took your measurements. |
| Ερατώ Μήπως απλά πήρες βάρος; Αν θυμάμαι καλά, τώρα τελευταία το είχες ρίξει στα γλυκά. Έχει περάσει και αρκετός καιρός από τότε που σου πήραν τα μέτρα. |
| Brandon: So what should I do now? |
| Ναταλία Και τι θα κάνω τώρα; |
| Brandon: Calm down. The blouse you will be wearing will be covering your waist and the zipper won't be visible, even if you leave it open. |
| Σάκης Ηρέμησε. Η μπλούζα που θα φοράς θα καλύπτει τη μέση σου και δεν θα φαίνεται το φερμουάρ, ακόμα και αν το αφήσεις ανοιχτό. |
| Brandon: Everything always happens to me! |
| Ναταλία Όλα σε εμένα συμβαίνουν πάντα! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Brandon: So someone gained some weight huh? |
| Stefania: Haha! Either that or the dressmaker did a bad job! |
| Brandon: Talking about weight, I've heard that many Greeks weigh more than the normal weight. How is this possible? I thought the Greek diet was healthy! |
| Stefania: It is! The problem is that most people don't follow that diet anymore. |
| Brandon: Really? |
| Stefania: Yes – unfortunately the modern and less active lifestyle in the cities, and the long hours of work in offices, leaves very little time, especially for working mothers to cook daily. Most people just opt for fast food or processed and packaged food. |
| Brandon: I suppose that’s understandable. |
| Stefania: Also grandparents, who experienced wars and starvation, have a tendency to overfeed children, because they think a skinny kid is a starving kid and therefore this is not healthy! |
| Brandon: This is something I never actually thought about… hmm. Okay, now let’s move on to the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Brandon: Let's take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. |
| The first word we shall see is: |
| Stefania: καλώς [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: well, alright |
| Stefania: καλώς [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: καλώς [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Stefania: πήγαινε [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: on the way there |
| Stefania: πήγαινε [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: πήγαινε [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Stefania: κουβέντα [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: chat, conversation, talk |
| Stefania: κουβέντα [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: κουβέντα [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Stefania: λατρεύω [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: to adore, to love, to like very much |
| Stefania: λατρεύω [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: λατρεύω [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Stefania: μπατζάκι [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: trouser hem, trouser cuff |
| Stefania: μπατζάκι [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: μπατζάκι [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Stefania: φερμουάρ [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: zipper |
| Stefania: φερμουάρ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: φερμουάρ [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Stefania: ράβω [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: to sew, to stitch, to tailor |
| Stefania: ράβω [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: ράβω [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Stefania: παίρνω βάρος [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: to gain weight |
| Stefania: παίρνω βάρος [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: παίρνω βάρος [natural native speed] |
| Next: |
| Stefania: παίρνω μέτρα [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: to take measurements |
| Stefania: παίρνω μέτρα [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: παίρνω μέτρα [natural native speed] |
| And Last: |
| Stefania: μέση [natural native speed] |
| Brandon: waist, middle |
| Stefania: μέση [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Stefania: μέση [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Brandon: Let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. What do we have first? |
| Stefania: We have the adverb "καλώς", which is actually the older version of "καλά", and it means "well" or "alright". |
| Brandon: Does it sound a bit more scholarly? |
| Stefania: Yeah...it does in some idioms. And most of those idioms can't always be translated exactly in English. |
| Brandon: For example? |
| Stefania: In the sample sentence "Καλώς εχόντων των πραγμάτων, θα τελειώσω την εργασία πριν την προθεσμία", meaning "Hopefully, I'll finish the essay before the deadline", the part "Καλώς εχόντων των πραγμάτων" has been translated as "hopefully". |
| Brandon: I see. In our dialogue it's used to welcome people, though. |
| Stefania: Yes! "Καλώς" followed by τη, την, τες, τον, τους, means "welcome"! Just like saying "Καλώς ήρθες" or "καλώς όρισες". |
| Brandon: OK. What's next? |
| Stefania: The noun "πήγαινε". |
| Brandon: Wait a minute, isn't this a verb? Meaning "go!" or "he was going". |
| Stefania: This noun, "το πήγαινε", derives from the verb "to go" and it means "on the way there". The opposite is "το έλα", meaning "on the way here or back". |
| Brandon: Oh, so NOW our sample sentence makes sense to me! |
| Stefania: Yes, "Στο πήγαινε δεν υπήρχε κίνηση, στο έλα όμως γινόταν πανικός!", "On the way there, there was no traffic, but on the way back it was crazy!" |
| Brandon: So it's like saying "the going" and "the coming"? |
| Stefania: Exactly that! Last we have the verb "παίρνω", "to get/take". In the dialogue it's used to say "to gain weight", παίρνω βάρος, and "to take measurements", παίρνω μέτρα. |
| Brandon: So the meaning always depends on the context? |
| Stefania: Yes! That's my point actually. Always look for the context with this verb! |
| Brandon: Okay, now onto the grammar. |
Lesson focus |
| Brandon: In this lesson, you’ll learn about the conjugation groups, which is the most important way we categorize verbs. Also through the helpful tables in our lesson notes, you'll be able to brush up on the verb forms you've seen so far. |
| Stefania: Sounds good! A review at this point is really necessary! So we have two conjugation groups in Greek, A and B, or first and second, if you prefer. |
| Brandon: Which verbs belong to each group? |
| Stefania: By taking the dictionary form of a verb, that is the first person singular of the present tense of indicative mood, the first group includes verbs that end in an unaccented -ω in active voice and in an unaccented -ομαι in passive voice. |
| Brandon: Can we use an example from the dialogue? |
| Stefania: Of course! "Καλύπτω" is a first conjugation verb, meaning "to cover". Most Greek verbs belong to this category. |
| Brandon: OK. So, which verbs belong in the second group? |
| Stefania: Those that in the active voice end in an accented -ώ, while the passive voice has two classes, one that ends in -ιέμαι and one in -ούμαι. For example "αργώ", "to be late." |
| Brandon: Is that all? |
| Stefania: Well, verbs that in active voice end in -άω or in both -άω and -ώ, also belong to group B. For example "τραγουδάω/τραγουδώ", "to sing". Group B has some exceptions, but those are only a few and we won't focus on them right now. |
| Brandon: So, is it time for our review yet? |
| Stefania: Yes, finally! Listeners, please have a look at the verb tables in the lesson notes now. |
| Brandon: We have one for group A and one for each class of group B. |
| Stefania: Each table contains the tenses you've seen so far in the following moods of the active voice... |
| Brandon: Indicative, subjunctive, and imperative. |
| Stefania: There are only three tenses that we haven't covered so far, that belong to the indicative mood… |
| Brandon: ...and the whole passive voice, but we'll study those in the future. |
| Stefania: Listeners, you don't have to memorize the tables as a whole! There's a technique! All you have to remember is the two different verb stems and the few ending sets. Those combined produce all the forms you've seen. |
| Brandon: So read our tips, study the tables, learn those combination patterns, and the rest will be easy! |
Outro |
| Brandon: Well, that’s all for this lesson, everyone! As always, you can leave us a message at GreekPod101.com if you have any questions or comments. Thanks for listening, and we’ll see you next time. Bye! |
| Stefania: Γεια χαρά! |
| MARKETING PIECE |
| Brandon: Attention perfectionists! You’re about to learn how to perfect your pronunciation. |
| Stefania: Lesson Review Audio Tracks. |
| Brandon: Increase fluency and vocabulary fast with these short, effective audio tracks. |
| Stefania: Super simple to use. Listen to the Greek word or phrase... |
| Brandon: then repeat it out loud in a loud clear voice. |
| Stefania: You’ll speak with confidence knowing that you’re speaking Greek like the locals. |
| Brandon: Go to GreekPod101.com, and download the Review Audio Tracks right on the lessons page today! |
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